Overview of learning design and instructional design models

BDP is a model developed under the coordination of the Learning Analytics Laboratory at the Faculty of Organization and Informatics, University of Zagreb. It focuses on aligning learning outcomes, activities, assessment, and delivery modalities, and is enriched with real-time learning design analytics.

Key features:

• visual representation
• weighting of learning outcomes
• flexibility

The tool that supports this model: BDP

Additional resources for further exploration:

The first scientific paper that systematically presents the theoretical and practical foundations of BDP, as well as its connection with existing LD models such as OULDI and ABC:

Divjak, B., Grabar, D., Svetec, B., & Vondra, P. (2022). Balanced Learning Design Planning: Concept and Tool. Journal of Information and Organizational Sciences, 46(1), 69–90.

Development of the BDP concept and tool based on user feedback:

Divjak, B., Rienties, B., Bađari, J., & Grabar, D. (2023). Enhancing Learning Design through User Experience Research: Insights from a Survey in Four European Countries. Proceedings of the 34th International Conference CECIIS.

Analysis of design patterns in the BDP tool based on 12,749 learning and teaching activities:

Albuquerque, J., Rienties, B., & Divjak, B. (2025). Decoding Learning Design Decisions: A Cluster Analysis of 12,749 Teaching and Learning Activities. Proceedings of the 15th International Learning Analytics and Knowledge Conference (LAK'25).

Integration of the BDP tool with Moodle:

Divjak, B., Grabar, D., Svetec, B., & Vondra, P. (2024). Automating the Comparison of Learning Design and Delivery Using Course Scaffolding in Moodle. IEEE International Conference on Teaching, Assessment and Learning for Engineering (TALE 2024).

Use of the AI assistant in the BDP tool:

Divjak, B., Svetec, B., Vondra, P., Bađari, J., Grabar, D. (2025). Learning Design with an AI Assistant. In: Cristea, A.I., Walker, E., Lu, Y., Santos, O.C., Isotani, S. (eds) Artificial Intelligence in Education. AIED 2025. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 15877. Springer, Cham.