Techniques for using artificial intelligence to foster active learning

Active learning involves approaches in which students are not passive observers but actively think, apply, discuss, and question content during the learning process. These approaches enable a deeper understanding of concepts, foster critical thinking, and increase knowledge retention. In higher education, the importance of active learning is further highlighted by the need to develop student autonomy and the skills required for professional life.

Despite substantial evidence of its effectiveness, active learning in practice often faces challenges, such as large student groups, limited time for individualised instructions, and varying levels of prior knowledge within the same class.

Artificial intelligence can help address these challenges, but it is important to emphasise that it does not replace teachers. Instead, it serves as support, enabling teachers to better plan activities and providing students with more opportunities for engaged and meaningful work.

Active learning supported by artificial intelligence refers to situations in which AI is used as a tool for designing and implementing pedagogical activities, rather than as an automated source of ready-made answers. Active learning occurs when students:

• Analyse and interpret information.
• Make decisions and justify positions.
• Exchange ideas with others.
• Question their own mistakes.
• Reflect on the learning process.

Artificial intelligence supports this by increasing opportunities for activity, adjusting the level of cognitive challenge, providing timely feedback, and offering authentic learning situations in which students can actively apply knowledge.