Types of Cybersecurity Risks and Threats to Personal Data

Backups not only ensure the preservation of critical data and documents but also allow an organisation to quickly and reliably resume operations after an incident, thereby reducing operational and financial losses.

Due to the growing complexity and sophistication of cyber threats, the 3-2-1 rule for backup is increasingly recommended:

• have at least three copies of data (original data + two backup copies)
• store them on at least two different media (e.g., disk and cloud)
• one copy should be stored outside the organisation's location (off-site), preferably in a physically separate environment or in the cloud with a high level of security.

Additionally, when protecting against ransomware attacks, it is recommended to use immutable backups, which cannot be subsequently modified or deleted, or to implement systems that are physically or logically separated from the computer network (air gap backup). It is also important to perform regular data recovery tests (restore tests) to verify that backups can indeed be restored correctly and quickly when needed.

Backups are a key element of a disaster recovery strategy and represent a business necessity for preserving trust, legality, and stability of work in a digital environment.

Data backups can also be stored on an external drive or Google Drive as a safety measure.

Backup tools:

• Google Drive

• backup software: Macrium Reflect, EaseUS Todo Backup.

Macrium Reflect Free Edition allows users to create complete backup copies (images) of their disks or partitions, including the operating system, applications, and data. The free version is ideal for home users who want basic data protection, but it does not include advanced options such as incremental copies, encryption, scheduled backups, and support for network locations.

EaseUS Todo Backup is a free backup software that allows you to create copies of files, partitions, disks, and the entire operating system. The free version is suitable for home users, but advanced features such as system cloning, universal recovery, and Windows Server support are only available in commercial versions.