1. Introduction
We will now focus on Identity Lifecycle Management (ILM) — a set of tools and processes that enable effective management of digital identities throughout their entire lifecycle, from creation to deactivation. The goal is to understand why ILM tools are essential for system security and organisation, how they function, and which challenges they address in the context of identity lifecycle management.
Identity Lifecycle Management (ILM) tools, or tools for managing the identity lifecycle, are essential instruments for overseeing the creation, use, and deactivation of user identities within information systems and organisations. These tools enable organisations to monitor, control, and protect user access throughout the entire duration of their engagement with the organisation, from the moment a user identity is created to its deletion or deactivation.

Figure 5: Identity lifecycle management
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