Traditional and contemporary pedagogical approaches

From the perspective of a university teacher, traditional teaching offers clear control over the content, pace, and structure of lectures; however, it also positions the teacher as the primary source of knowledge and limits opportunities for individualized and interactive learning. Modern approaches, particularly in digital environments, require teachers to be more flexible, adaptable, and committed to the continuous development of their pedagogical practices and technological competencies.

From the student’s perspective, traditional teaching provides the security of a well-defined structure and clearly articulated expectations, but it often results in a passive role in the learning process. In contrast, modern approaches emphasize students’ active participation and the development of critical thinking and collaborative skills, with digital environments creating new opportunities for inquiry, communication, and creativity. By integrating the strengths of traditional clarity with modern, participatory models in digital contexts, teaching can be designed to be both well structured and highly conducive to active learning.