Factors of Inclusiveness in Higher Education

Education is a fundamental human right, and quality education that ensures inclusive and equitable access for all is one of the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to be achieved by 2030. In line with the principles of social justice, researchers and organisations such as the UN and UNESCO have raised awareness and called for action to increase inclusive practices in higher education, which has influenced university curricula and policies, as well as teaching and learning practices (Moriña, 2017).

Inclusion in higher education is defined as the policies, practices, and processes that support students' right to access higher education and reduce the exclusion of students from study-related environments and practices such as curriculum, teaching strategies, and learning materials (Filippou et al., 2025).